Assessment of Ferritin Level and Some Biochemical Variables in Iraqi Anemic Diabetic Mellitus in Both Gender
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.59746/jfms.v1i1.85Keywords:
ferritin level, hypertension, Lipid profile, renal dysfunction, T2DMAbstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a prevalent metabolic disorder characterized by elevated blood sugar levels caused by diminished tissue sensitivity to insulin, insufficient insulin production, or a combination of both factors. This is a non-communicable disease that is also highly prevalent globally. The aim of the study is to evaluate ferritin level and other biochemical variables in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients and study the effect of biochemical variables between male and female (T2DM) . Method involves enrollment of 120 participant divided into two main groups (T2DM and control group) and every group has been subdivided based on gender to (30 male and 30 female) for each group. All the groups studied for determination of anthropometric and biochemical parameters to evaluate the relationship between the studied parameters and T2DM patients. Results: the result showed that (Age, body mass index (BMI), Fasting blood sugar (FBS), triglycerides (TC), Urea, systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP) and Ferritin) were significantly difference in T2DM patients (male and female) as compared with control. While ( TG and Creatinine) were non-significantly differ in T2DM patients as compared with control. Furthermore, there was non-significant difference in the studied parameters between T2DM males and females. Conclusion: from the obtained result it could be concluded that patients with T2DM have a problem associated with ferritin level that effected by T2DM and decreased because of the impaired renal dysfunction and red blood cells decrease and that causes a decrease in the level of ferritin. Age and BMI levels have a direct effect and correlated with elevation of lipid continents and high level of FBS and blood pressure. Renal function is highly elevated because of the T2DM complication, and it is conceder as a risk factor for T2DM.
References
Alam, M. M. 2021. Prevalence of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus complications in human. Chattogram Veterinary & Animal| Sciences University https://doi.org/10.53964/jmab.2022002
• Balaji, R., R. Duraisamy & M. Kumar (2019) Complications of diabetes mellitus: A review. Drug Invention Today, 12.
• Biadgo, B., S. M. Abebe, H. W. Baynes, M. Yesuf, A. Alemu & M. Abebe (2017) Correlation between serum lipid profile with anthropometric and clinical variables in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Ethiopian journal of health sciences, 27, 215-226 https://doi.org/10.4314/ejhs.v27i3.3
• Cai, X., D. Hu, C. Pan, G. Li, J. Lu, Q. Ji, B. Su, H. Tian, S. Qu & J. Weng (2019) The risk factors of glycemic control, blood pressure control, lipid control in Chinese patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes _ A nationwide prospective cohort study. Scientific Reports, 9, 7709 https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0144179.
• Casiday, R. & R. Frey (1998) Iron use and storage in the body: ferritin and molecular representations. Department of Chemistry, Washington University, St. Louis. USA.
• Cevenini, E., C. Caruso, G. Candore, M. Capri, D. Nuzzo, G. Duro, C. Rizzo, G. Colonna-Romano, D. Lio & D. Carlo (2010) Age-related inflammation: the contribution of different organs, tissues and systems. How to face it for therapeutic approaches. Current pharmaceutical design, 16, 609-618 https://doi.org/10.2174/138161210790883840
• Chen, Y., K. Lee, Z. Ni & J. C. He (2020) Diabetic kidney disease: challenges, advances, and opportunities. Kidney diseases, 6, 215-225. https://doi.org/10.1159/000506634
• Chiriaco, M., K. Pateras, A. Virdis, M. Charakida, D. Kyriakopoulou, M. Nannipieri, M. Emdin, K. Tsioufis, S. Taddei & S. Masi (2019) Association between blood pressure variability, cardiovascular disease and mortality in type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta‐analysis. Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism, 21, 2587-2598. https://doi.org/10.1111/dom.13828
• Desanti De Oliveira, B., K. Xu, T. H. Shen, M. Callahan, K. Kiryluk, V. D. D’Agati, N. P. Tatonetti, J. Barasch & P. Devarajan (2019) Molecular nephrology: types of acute tubular injury. Nature Reviews Nephrology, 15, 599-612. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41581-019-0184-x
• Dhoj, T. S., K. S. Raj, G. Santosh & G. Deepika (2017) Dyslipidemia in type 2 diabetes mellitus. J Pathol Nepal, 7, 1149-1154 https://doi.org/10.3126/jpn.v7i2.17978
• Dietrich, S., S. Jacobs, J. S. Zheng, K. Meidtner, L. Schwingshackl & M. B. Schulze (2019) Gene‐lifestyle interaction on risk of type 2 diabetes: A systematic review. Obesity Reviews, 20, 1557-1571. https://doi.org/10.1111/obr.12921
• Ghari Arab, A., M. Zahedi, V. Kazemi Nejad, A. Sanagoo & M. Azimi (2018) Correlation between hemoglobin a1c and serum lipid profile in type 2 diabetic patients referred to the diabetes clinic in gorgan, iran. Journal of Clinical and Basic Research, 2, 26-31. https://doi.org/10.29252/jcbr.2.1.26
• Kahn, R., J. Buse, E. Ferrannini & M. Stern (2005) The metabolic syndrome: time for a critical appraisal: joint statement from the American Diabetes Association and the European Association for the Study of Diabetes. Diabetes care, 28, 2289-2304. https://doi.org/10.2337/diacare.28.9.2289
• Kene, K., T. Wondimnew, M. Welde, T. Mateos, T. Adugna, U. Gerema, D. Abdisa & D. Abera (2021) Prevalence and determinants of Impaired Serum Creatinine and Urea among type 2 diabetic patients of jimma medical center, Jimma, Southwestern Ethiopia, 2019. Endocrine and Metabolic Science, 3, 100096. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.endmts.2021.100096
• Liu, H., J. Liu, J. Liu, S. Xin, Z. Lyu & X. Fu (2022) Triglyceride to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (TG/HDL-C) ratio, a simple but effective indicator in predicting type 2 diabetes mellitus in older adults. Frontiers in Endocrinology, 13, 828581. https://doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2022.828581
• Mahapatra, R., R. K. Padhi, S. Chand, A. Guru, H. Mahapatra & M. Khuntia (2022) Direct And Indirect Cost Of Therapy In Diabetes: The Economic Impact On The Agricultural Families In India. Journal of Pharmaceutical Negative Results, 4548-4553. https://doi.org/10.2337/db19-2349-PUB.
• Manikandan, A., M. Ganesh & S. Silambanan (2015) Study of iron status in type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Age, 30, 40.
• Plays, M., S. Müller & R. Rodriguez (2021) Chemistry and biology of ferritin. Metallomics, 13, mfab021. https://doi.org/10.1093/mtomcs/mfab021.
• Rashed, E., T. Alkout, S. Eltomy, O. R. Etekbali & A. M. Alkout (2020) The effects of red blood cells parameters on HbA1c and random blood sugar levels in diabetics diagnosis. Int. J. Diabetes Clin. Res, 7, 1-7.
https://doi.org/10.23937/2377-3634/1410128
• Sikand, G. & T. Severson (2020) Top 10 dietary strategies for atherosclerotic cardiovascular risk reduction. American Journal of Preventive Cardiology, 4, 100106. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajpc.2020.100106
• Suastika, K., P. Dwipayana, M. S. Semadi & R. T. Kuswardhani (2012) Age is an important risk factor for type 2 diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular diseases. Glucose Tolerance, 5, 67-80. https://doi.org/10.5772/52397
• Taay, Y., M. Mohammed, R. Abbas, A. Ayad & M. Mahdi. (2021) Determination of some biochemical parameters in sera of normotensive and hypertensive obese female in Baghdad. In Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 012037. IOP Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1853/1/012037
• Taha Mohammed, M. (2023) Investigation of Immunological Parameters IL-27 and IL-35 and Electrolyte Sodium, Potassium, and Calcium In the Sera of Rheumatoid Arthritis females. Egyptian Journal of Chemistry, 66, 147-150. https://doi.org/10.21608/ejchem.2022.141260.6177.
• van der Slikke, E. C., B. S. Star, V. D. de Jager, M. B. Leferink, L. M. Klein, V. M. Quinten, T. J. Olgers, J. C. Ter Maaten & H. R. Bouma (2020) A high urea-to-creatinine ratio predicts long-term mortality independent of acute kidney injury among patients hospitalized with an infection. Scientific Reports, 10, 15649. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-72815-9
• Wiciński, M., G. Liczner, K. Cadelski, T. Kołnierzak, M. Nowaczewska & B. Malinowski (2020) Anemia of chronic diseases: wider diagnostics—better treatment? Nutrients, 12, 1784. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu12061784
• Yang, C.-Y., P.-F. Su, J.-Y. Hung, H.-T. Ou & S. Kuo (2020) Comparative predictive ability of visit-to-visit HbA1c variability measures for microvascular disease risk in type 2 diabetes. Cardiovascular diabetology, 19, 1-10. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12933-020-01082-9
• Yu, Z., F. Nan, L. Y. Wang, H. Jiang, W. Chen & Y. Jiang (2020) Effects of high-protein diet on glycemic control, insulin resistance and blood pressure in type 2 diabetes: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Clinical Nutrition, 39, 1724-1734. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clnu.2019.08.008
